Blossary – Diabetes

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Diabetes mellitus (DM), commonly referred to as diabetes, is a group of metabolic diseases in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period.Symptoms of high blood sugar include frequent urination, increased thirst, and increased hunger. If left untreated, diabetes can cause many complications. Acute complications include diabetic ketoacidosis and nonketotic hyperosmolar coma.Serious long-term complications include cardiovascular disease, stroke, kidney failure, foot ulcers and damage to the eyes. As of 2014, an estimated 387 million people have diabetes worldwide, with type 2 diabetes making up about 90% of the cases. This is equal to 8.3% of the adult population, with equal rates in both women and men. In the years 2012 to 2014, diabetes is estimated to have resulted in 1.5 to 4.9 million deaths per year. Diabetes at least doubles the risk of death. The number of people with diabetes is expected to rise to 592 million by 2035. The global economic cost of diabetes in 2014 was estimated to be $612 billion USD. In the United States, diabetes cost $245 billion in 2012.

Categoría: Health

32 Terms

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Created by: tim.zhaotianqi

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lipodystrophy

defect in the breaking down or building up of fat below the surface of the skin, resulting in lumps or small dents in the skin surface. (See lipohypertrophy or lipoatrophy.) Lipodystrophy may be ...

laser surgery treatment

a type of therapy that uses a strong beam of light to treat a damaged area. The beam of light is called a laser. A laser is sometimes used to seal blood vessels in the eye of a person with diabetes. ...

糖尿病预防项目

国家糖尿病消化道和肾脏疾病研究所的一项研究，从 1998 年到 2001 年在 2 型糖尿病高危人群进行所有的研究参与者的糖耐量降低了，也被称为糖尿病前期，并且超重。研究表明，降低了5%至7％体重，通过低脂肪，低热量的饮食和适量的运动（通常走30分钟，每周5天）的人，他们获得2型糖尿病的风险降低了58％。接受治疗的口服糖尿病药物二甲双胍的参与者患上2型糖尿病的风险减少了31％。更多参见： ...

胰岛素泵

一副扑克牌大小可以在放腰带上或放在口袋里的胰岛素导入设备。胰岛素泵连接到皮肤下插入一根有狭窄灵活的塑料管材连接的针。用户通过设置泵可以全天持续稳定的打入基本数量的胰岛素。基于用户所做的设定，当血液中的葡萄糖过高时，泵在进餐时间释放负荷剂量的胰岛素（一次几个单位）。更多参见： http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/common-terms/comm ...

阿卡波糖

用于治疗2型糖尿病的口服药物。它能消化淀粉食物中的酶。其结果是一个更慢和跟缓地在一天中升高血糖，尤其是饭后。该类药物称为α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂。（品牌名称：Precose）-更多请参见http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/common-terms/#sthash.bIAIhlZA.dpuf ...

糖尿病控制和并发症试验（DCCT）

国家糖尿病消化道和肾脏疾病研究所的一项研究，在1型糖尿病患者间从1983年的进行到1993年。研究表明，相比于传统疗法，强化治疗显著帮助预防或延迟糖尿病并发症。强化治疗包括每日多次注射胰岛素或每天使用有多个血糖读数的胰岛素泵。并发症其次在研究包括糖尿病性视网膜病变，神经病变和肾病。更多请参见http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/common-ter ...

内分泌腺

一组专门的细胞释放的激素进入血液。例如，在胰岛的胰腺，它分泌胰岛素，就是内分泌腺体。更多请参见http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/common-terms/#sthash.bIAIhlZA.dpuf ...